"As a first step, dredged material is separated into a usable sand portion and a contaminated silt portion in separation fields or by dewatering or in hydrocylones. The resulting contaminants then need to be reduced, removed or immobilised before the dredged material can potentially be considered as a resource. Treatments include: - Chemical immobilisation is when contaminants are bound by adding clay, cement, lime or fly ash. - Thermal immobilisation causes organic contaminants to be broken down at high temperatures. Products such as bricks, artificial gravel and artificial basalt can then be created. These are costly processes and are therefore not widely used at present. - Bioremediation techniques include using micro-organisms to degrade contaminants. This technique is in an experimental stage. - Biodegradation of organic contaminants can also be stimulated by aeration and spreading materials out over large tracts of land. This has practical limitations in densely populated areas where land is at a premium. Clearly whilst using contaminated sediments is more complicated because of the costs and time involved in treatment, it should not be ruled out or overlooked and the cost of treatment should be weighed against the costs of other disposal options. " from the internet...